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The twin scroll turbocharger is connected to the exhaust manifold via two input lines leading to the turbine and two scrolls where separate wastegates controls the gases from each input. The two input lines is used to separate cylinders whose exhaust gases would interfere with each other because of their firing sequence in the four stroke cycle therefore allowing a more effective flow of exhaust gases to the turbo. The pulse of exhaust gases from the cylinders interfere with each other because the exhaust valves of one cylinder will be open when it finishes the exhaust stroke and begins the intake stroke and at the same time the exhaust valves of another cylinder will be opening as it begins the exhaust stroke. This overlap could cause some of the exhaust gases from one cylinder to mix with the fresh intake of air/fuel of another cylinder thereby reducing the amount of gasses going to the turbo and it would reduce the power from the combustion of the fresh air/fuel mixture in the new cylinder. Attention must now be paid to the firing order of the cylinders so no cylinder would be paired with one that directly behind it in the firing sequence. The design of the intake to the turbo ensures that the pairs don't mix. When the gases reach into the turbo it rotates its own small scroll to spin the turbine. Although the entire turbo operates as one unit the separate scrolls act as small turbos separately but together form a large turbo equivalent to a single scroll turbo of the same size. A twin scroll turbo offers the following benefits over normal turbocharging;
Regular turbocharging already has its benefits and with all the issues listed above it has still justified its existence but twin scroll turbo has pushed the benefits further. |
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